易混词

Table of Contents

1 名词

1.1 battle 与 war

  • battle 是指局部的战争、战役、战斗
  • war 是指整体的战斗

1.2 cloth,clothes,clothing与dress

  • cloth 指“布”,“布料”。

    a dish cloth 一块擦碗布 a piece of cloth 一块布料

  • clothes 指具体的衣服,包括内衣、外衣,不能与数词连用。

    I want to buy sports clothes. 我想买运动服。

  • clothing 是服装的总称, 包括内衣、外衣、还有帽子、鞋袜、手套之类。 @<font color="#ff0000">只能用单数,无复数@</font>

    Now people are all in their winter clothing. 现在人们都穿着冬装。 This ti a fatory taht makes childred's clothing. 这是一家制作童装的工厂。

  • dress 做不可数名词时,指外衣,尤指 社交场合穿的服装。 做可数名词时,长指 连衣裙

    He doesn't care much about dress. 他不太注意衣着。 She wore a blue dress last night. 她昨晚穿了件蓝色连衣裙。

1.3 drawing, painting 和 picture

  • drawing 是指用铅笔,钢笔,工具画的画。
  • painting 是指用颜料画的画 (油画、水彩画等)
  • picture 可指 drawing、painting、photo等

1.4 dinner 和 meal

  • dinner 是指“正餐(午饭或晚饭)” 或者 “宴会”

    Let's go and have dinner together. 我们一起出去吃饭吧。 We're having fish for dinner. 我们午饭吃鱼。 Come to dinner with us tonight. 今晚来和我们共进晚餐。

  • meal 是指“一餐(一顿饭)”

    What time do you usually have your meals? 你们通常什么时候用餐? We take three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。

1.5 family,house,home

  • family 指家庭成员, 是“家人、家族、一家”的意思。@<font color="#ff0000"> 表示家族全体时 视为单数 , 表示家庭成员时 视为复数 @</font>

    He has a family of three.

  • house 指房子,建筑物

    She left home at the age of sixteen.

  • home 指家庭,包括家人,家居,家园。

    He bought a very big house.

1.6 job 与 work

  • job 是可数名词

    She got a job of washing clothes. He has tried different jobs.

  • work 是不可数名词

    It takes a lot of work to build a building.

1.7 person,people和man

待补充

1.8 problem 与 question

  • problem 指等待解决(solve)或决定(decide)的问题,难题。

    That's no problem. I can lend you my money.

  • question 指等待回答的 问题,提问。

    May i ask some questions?

1.9 table 与 desk

  • table 通常用于吃饭,游乐等,一般没有抽屉
  • desk 被称为书桌,课桌,通常有抽屉

1.10 farmer 与 peasant

  • farmer 美国农民,很少或者不种自己吃的粮食。
  • peasant 中国农民,以种地为生。

1.11 floor 与 ground

  • gloor 指室内的地板,地面
  • ground 指室外的地面,也可以指地球表面

1.12 door 和 gate

  • door 一般指房子,房间,家具的门,也可用于比喻意义

    Close the door when you go out. Good luck is often the door to success. 好运常是成功的大门。 He lives next door to us.

  • gate 指围墙、篱笆、栅栏的开口处。

    He walked through the gate into the garden. We'll meet at the school gate at nine.

1.13 sound 与 noise

  • sound 指一般的声音, 多做可数名词

    I was waiting for the sound of the other shoe! The door was open, sounds came from the bedroom.

  • noise 指令人不愉快的嘈杂声,刺耳声, 可以作可数名词也可以做不可数名词

    But every night he heard the noise upstairs.

1.14 road、street、way

  • road 意为 宽阔的大道。
  • street 意为 道路两旁的建筑物比较高,可 视为 街道。
  • way 表示要到达某地所要经过的途径,还可引申为 方式、 方法。

1.15 hedge、fence

  • hedge是植物修剪成的篱笆
  • fence是人工制作的

1.16 value、worth、price、cost

  • value 价值(按人的主观判断对物品本身内在的有用评价)。
  • price 东西的标价。购买某物品时要付的钱。
  • cost 成本。
  • worth 指物体本身永远不变的价值。

2 形容词

2.1 each和every的区别

2.1.1 each 强调个体,是形容词(adj)和代词(PRON).形容词时,起修饰限定作用,代词可以单独使用。each指2个或2个以上中的每一个。

  • each boy
  • each of the boys
  • each of my hands
  • each of my parents

2.1.2 every 强调整体,只能做adj

every 指三个或三个以上中的每一个。

  • every students (不能写为every of the student)
  • every one of my fingers.

2.2 vast、huge、enormous、tremendous、 immense、 igignantic、massive

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> vast @</font> 着重空间,面积,范围的巨大,数量的庞大。不涉及重量。用作比喻时也指 阅历广,花费大。
    • Our country has a large population, vast territory and abundant resources.

      我国人口众多,地大物博。

    • Vast amount of data about sales, prices, market conditions are stored in the computer system.

      计算机中存储着大量的关于销售、价格、市场状况的记录。

    • In the vast desert in Northwest China, there is a small leaf-shaped oasis about 25 kilometers to the southwest of the city of Dunhuang in Gansu Province.

      在中国西北部一望无尽际的浩瀚荒漠中,甘肃省敦煌市东南25公里处有一片树叶形的绿洲。

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> huge @</font> 指体积,数量大的超过一般标准。可用来形容物体、距离、声音和程度等。
    • They spent a huge amount of money on that villa.

      他花巨款买下了那幢别墅。

    • They hanged a huge inflated balloon above the company site to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary.

      他们在公司所在地的上方挂了一个巨大的充气气球来庆祝五十周年。

    • Down a few stairs was a huge stone slab carved with mysterious designs and hieroglyphics.

      往下走几级梯子,有一个巨大的石板,上面刻着神秘的图案和象形文字。

    • The huge curtain of falling water drops more than 100 meters into the mighty Zambezi River.

      巨幅的瀑布在100米的高处从天而降,流入到宽广的赞比西河。

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> enormous @</font> 指体积、规模、数量上的巨大。 着重体积庞大,硕大无比。令人咋舌的事物。多用来形容形体,数量和程度。 有时含有紧急,严重的意思。
    • 我们已经在这些问题上花费来大量的注意力。

      An enormous amount of attention has been lavished on these problems.

    • An enormous gap remains between the advanced countries and the developing countries.

      发达国家与发展中国家之间存在这巨大的差距。

    • Ever since the new manager start working, everyone in the office feel an enormous pressure.

      自从新经理开始工作以来,办公室里的每个人都感觉到一种巨大的压力。

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> tremendous @</font> 语气比enormous强,而且多用于抽象的事物。
    • Many foreign visitors marvel at the tremendous changes in Shanghai having made in recent years.

      许多外国游客惊叹上海最近几年发生的巨大变化。

    • By his speech, he whipped up tremendous enthusiasm among the audience.

      他用演说激发了听众的极大的热情。

    • Spaceships must attain tremendous speeds to reach these planets in reasonable time.

      宇宙飞船必须获得巨大的速度才能在一定时间内到达这些行星。 (reasonable: 合理的,合适的。)

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> immense @</font> 指三维空间和广度的巨大,也指规模巨大。 有大到不能计算的意味。
    • Many early explorers got lost in the immense, uncharted Atlantic.

      许多早期的探险家迷失在浩瀚未知的大西洋。

    • He made an immense amount of money in business.

      他在生意中赚了一大笔钱。

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> massive @</font> 指巨大的,笨重的。指大的体积、数量和重量,侧重庞大而笨重。
    • Massive medical bills are draining finances of the country.

      巨大的医疗账单耗费国家的财政支出。

    • Last week we had a massive power failure during a freak afternoon thunderstorm.

      上星期在反常的午后雷雨过程中,我们遇上大规模的停电。

  • @<font color="#ff0000"> gigantic @</font> 指特别巨大、庞大,巨人似的。
    • The earth may be thought of as a gigantic magnet.

      整个地球可看作是一块硕大无朋的磁石。

    • The project is on such a gigantic scale that the cost is hard to calculate.

      这项工程浩大,所费不赀。

    • To achieve the four modernizations and make China a powerful socialist country before the end of this century will be a gigantic task.

      实现四个现代化,使中国在本世纪 末成为一个强大的社会主义国家将是一项宏大的任务。

    • The rapid development of automobiles has posed a gigantic burden to the public transportation.

      汽车的快速发展给公共交通带来了巨大的负担。

3 形容词和副词

3.1 all 和 whole

都可译为“整个的”“全部的”

  • 修饰单数可数名词或抽象名词时,它们可以呼唤,但词序不同。 all放在the,this,that,my,your等词前面 whole则放在之后
    • She has worked all the afternoon.
    • She has worked the whole afternoon.
  • 修饰复数可数名词时,all的意义是 “所有的”, whole的意义是“整整的”
    • All students will go there for a meeting.

      所有的学生都将去那儿开会。

    • It rained for two whole days.

      雨下了整整两天。

  • 修饰地名时, whole不能直接跟地名。
    • All Japan was surprised at the news.
    • The whole of Japan was suprised at the news.
  • all 可以修饰物质名词,而whole不能。
    • He ate all the food.

3.2 alone 和 lonely

  • alone 表示 独自一人
  • lonely 表示 “孤单,寂寞”的情绪
  • alone 作形容词时,只做表语
    • But the children are not alone.

      但是孩子们不是独自呆着的。

    • He will be alone from now on.

      他从此将一个人了。

  • alone 也可以作副词,修饰动词
    • She was sitting in the bed alone when we went to see her.

      我们去看她的时候,她正一个人坐在床上。

  • lonely 一般只用做形容词
    • So we never feel lonely.

      所以我们从来不感到孤单

    • Robert is a very lonely traveller.

      罗伯特时一个极其孤单的旅行者


Author: weikent (weishijian@weikents-MacBook-Air.local)

Date:

Emacs 24.4.1 (Org mode 8.2.10)

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